WND · Valores extremos
Vendavales
GEV sobre los máximos mensuales de fg10 de ERA5 · v1.1.1 · 2026-07
Mar del Norte y Reino Unido — el cinturón de tormentas extratropicales, gradiente de la costa al interior
La ráfaga de viento extrema a 100 años, a partir de 30 años de reanálisis climático ERA5.
Qué incluye
Surfaces + Returns — puntuación de 0 a 1 derivada de la ráfaga a 100 años, más la ráfaga máxima por período de retorno (rp10/25/50/100/200, m/s). Línea de costa a resolución completa (GSHHG-f): las islas barrera ya reciben puntuación.
Cada versión: puntuación de 0 a 1 · banda de 5 clases · incertidumbre por píxel · máscara de cobertura de entradas · elemento STAC · documento de metodología.
Entradas
Extremos mensuales de ráfaga de ERA5, 1991–2020
Historial de versiones
Qué cambió entre versiones: las mismas notas que se publican con los datos. De más reciente a más antigua.
Surfaces
v1.1.1
2026-07
actual
- Full-resolution coastline (GSHHG-f). All four layers are re-clipped against the canonical GSHHG-f shoreline (~100 m native) — barrier islands and narrow coastal strips that previously read as NoData now carry a score (Wrightsville Beach, Oak Island, Caswell Beach and their class globally). Any query over real land returns a result.
- Rebuilt end-to-end. The tier-1 surfaces were recomputed from the ERA5 gust climatology through the hardened promote pipeline; inland values are unchanged (differences ≤ ~0.003 on the 0–1 scale).
- Product footprint is 70°S–90°N (the modeled gust domain); Antarctica is excluded by standard.
v1.1
2026-04
- Compact uint16 encoding. The surfaces were re-encoded from float32 to compact integer COGs with a documented scale (physical = raw × scale, nodata 65535) — smaller and self-describing, with no loss of precision at the delivered resolution. Method and values are unchanged from v1.0.
v1.0
2026-04
- Initial release. Susceptibility derived from a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) fit to 30 years of ERA5 annual-maximum 10 m wind gusts (fg10, 1991–2020). The 100-year return-period gust is ranked to a 0–1 percentile scale, with a five-class map (Very Low → Very High, top 20% globally = storm-track crests, exposed high-latitude coasts), plus per-pixel uncertainty and coverage.
- Extratropical belt, correctly placed. The gust climatology captures the mid-latitude storm tracks — the North Sea / UK belt, the North American cyclone corridors — as the dominant exposure, with a coast-to-inland gradient.
Returns
v1.0
2026-07
actual
- Initial release. Per-return-period extratropical peak 10 m wind gust from a per-cell generalized extreme value (GEV) fit to 30 years of ERA5 (1991–2020) annual-maximum gusts (fg10), at the 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 200-year return periods. This is the synoptic / extratropical wind hazard — mid-latitude cyclones, nor'easters, derechos, downslope windstorms, and the Southern-Ocean storm belt; tropical cyclones are covered by the separate Petrel Hurricane Returns product.
- Physical units on one shared scale. Values are 10 m peak gust in m/s, with a single SCALE across all five return periods, so the layers are directly comparable and raw * src.scales[0] yields m/s.
- GSHHG-f canonical land mask (~100 m native): every real coast, including barrier islands, returns a value; ocean and Antarctica are NoData. Extratropical wind is a real hazard on all land, so there is no inland "zero" region.
- Same fit as Windstorm Surfaces. The 100-year gust here is exactly the field the Windstorm Surfaces line normalizes into its 0–1 susceptibility score.
Otros peligros
DeslizamientosAvalanchasIncendios forestalesTerremotosCalor extremoFrío extremoHeladasRayosErosión del sueloHuracanesSequíaErupciones volcánicasTsunamiMarea meteorológica